General poisoning notes:Yellow sweet-clover (Melilotus officinalis) is cultivated and naturalized across most of Canada. When cut for feed, molding usually occurs because of the succulent stems. The molds can metabolize coumarin which is hydrolyzed from a plant glycoside. Dicoumarol is produced, which is toxic to animals. See notes under white sweet-clover (Melilotus alba). References: Cheeke, P. R., Shull, L. R. 1985. Natural toxicants in feeds and poisonous plants. AVI Publishing Company, Inc., Westport, Conn., USA. 492 pp. McDonald, G. K. 1980. Moldy sweetclover poisoning in a horse. Can. Vet. J., 21: 250-251. Radostits, O. M., Searcy, G. P., Mitchall, K. G. 1980. Moldy sweetclover poisoning in cattle. Can. Vet. J., 21: 155-158. Turkington, R. A., Cavers, P. B., Rempel, E. 1978. The biology of Canadian weeds. 29. Melilotus alba Desr. and M. officinalis (L.) Lam. Can. J. Plant Sci., 58: 523-537. Nomenclature: Scientific Name: Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.
Vernacular name(s): yellow sweet-clover Scientific family name: Leguminosae Vernacular family name: pea Go to ITIS*ca for more taxonomic information on: Melilotus officinalis References: Agriculture Quebec. 1975. Noms des maladies des plantes du Canada/ Names of plant diseases in Canada. , Quebec City, Que., Canada. 288 pp. Alex, J. F., Cayouette, R., Mulligan, G. A. 1980. Common and botanical names of weeds in Canada/Noms populaire et scientifiques des plantes nuisibles du Canada. Revised. Agric. Can. Publ., Ottawa, Ont., Canada. 132 pp. Bailey, L. H., Bailey, E. Z. 1976. Hortus third. Revised. MacMillan, New York, N.Y., USA. 1290 pp. Scoggan, H. J. 1978, 1979. The flora of Canada. Nat. Mus. Nat. Sci. (Ottawa) Publ. Bot. 7(1)-7(4). 1711 pp. Van Wijk, H. L. 1911. A dictionary of plant names.
Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, The Netherlands. 1444 pp. Victorin, M. 1964. Flore Laurentienne. 2nd ed. Univ. Montreal, Montreal, Que., Canada. 952 pp. Geographic Information Alberta
British Columbia
Manitoba
New Brunswick
Newfoundland
Northwest Territories
Nova Scotia
Ontario
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
Saskatchewan
Yukon Territory
References: Bailey, L. H., Bailey, E. Z. 1976. Hortus third. Revised. MacMillan, New York, N.Y., USA. 1290 pp. Boivin, B. 1966, 1967. Énumération des plantes du Canada. Provencheria 6. Nat. Can. (Que.) 93: 253-274; 371-437; 583-646; 989-1063. 94: 131-157; 471-528; 625-655. Image or illustration yellow sweet-clover: Images: images.google.com Toxic parts: leaves
stems
References: Cheeke, P. R., Shull, L. R. 1985. Natural toxicants in feeds and poisonous plants. AVI Publishing Company, Inc., Westport, Conn., USA. 492 pp. Notes on Toxic plant chemicals:A glycoside, melilotoside, hydrolyzes to coumarin. Coumarin is metabolized by molds into dicoumarol, which interrupts vitamin K use in animals. Blood-clotting abilities are affected. See additional notes under white sweet-clover (Melilotus alba). Toxic plant chemicals: dicoumarol
 melilotoside
 Chemical diagram(s) are courtesy of Ruth McDiarmid, Biochemistry Technician, Kamloops Range Station, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kamploops, British Columbia, Canada. References: Cheeke, P. R., Shull, L. R. 1985. Natural toxicants in feeds and poisonous plants. AVI Publishing Company, Inc., Westport, Conn., USA. 492 pp. Animals/Human Poisoning:Note: When an animal is listed without additional information, the literature (as of 1993) contained no detailed explanation. Cattle General symptoms of poisoning:anemia
hemorrhage
Notes on poisoning: See notes under white sweet-clover (Melilotus alba). . References: Cheeke, P. R., Shull, L. R. 1985. Natural toxicants in feeds and poisonous plants. AVI Publishing Company, Inc., Westport, Conn., USA. 492 pp. Radostits, O. M., Searcy, G. P., Mitchall, K. G. 1980. Moldy sweetclover poisoning in cattle. Can. Vet. J., 21: 155-158.
Horses General symptoms of poisoning:anemia
hemorrhage
Notes on poisoning: See notes under white sweet-clover (Melilotus alba). . References: McDonald, G. K. 1980. Moldy sweetclover poisoning in a horse. Can. Vet. J., 21: 250-251.
|
